AMB Volume 42, Issue 3, 2026 Pages 398-409 https://doi.org/10.59393/amb26420302
Update on Rabbit Coccidiosis: Knowledge and Developments
Sadek B.M., Amina K., Ikram B., Souhila B., Rahima B., Bachra D., Amira M., Amina O., Asma B.
This review article aims to examine rabbit coccidiosis and its economic repercussions on the rabbit production industry. Coccidiosis, caused by the intracellular parasite of the genus Eimeria, is the most significant protozoan disease affecting rabbits, leading to considerable economic losses. The disease is widespread in various parts of the world and is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. It typically impacts both young rabbits and adults raised in intensive systems. Symptoms of rabbit coccidiosis include watery, sometimes bloody or mucus-filled diarrhea, poor growth or weight loss, lethargy, abdominal pain, and decreased food intake. In severe cases, it may result in dehydration, jaundice, and even death. The condition can affect the intestines (intestinal coccidiosis) or the liver (hepatic coccidiosis) due to the Eimeria spp. parasite. Diagnosis generally relies on clinical signs, coprology, and post-mortem examinations, though various biochemical and molecular techniques have also been utilized in recent years. Several anticoccidial and sulfa drugs are available for treatment and prevention, although drug resistance has become a significant issue recently. Effective prevention and control can be achieved through proper management practices, prophylaxis, vaccination, and immunization of rabbits. Coccidiosis leads to substantial economic losses primarily due to decreased production and the costs associated with treatment or prevention. In conclusion, rabbit coccidiosis remains a critical protozoan disease with significant economic impacts worldwide, highlighting the need for proper management practices, hygiene, and biosecurity measures to control and prevent the disease.
Keywords: coccidiosis, rabbit; life cycles; pathology; coccidiosis control
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